Dr. Nehemiah Grew (1641-1712) presented Finger Prints, Palms and Soles in “An Introduction To Dermatoglyphics” to the Royal Society.

Dr. Guard Bidloo published an anatomical atlas, “Anatomia Humani Corporis”, with illustrations showing the human figure both in living attitudes and as dissected cadavers

Dr. Marcello Malphigi (1628-1694) described the ridges, spirals and loops of fingerprints in his treatise.

J.C. Mayer was the first to write basic characteristics of fingerprint analysis, also theorizing that fingerprints were unique

Dr. Jan Purkinje classified the papillary lines on the fingertips into nine types: 2 types of Archs, 2 types of Lopps, 5 types of Whorls.

Joannes Evangelista Purkinji found that patterns and ridges of the fingers start formation at around the thirteenth week in of gestation.

Dr. Charles Bell (1774-1842) initiated to combine the scientific study of neuro-anatomy with clinical practice. He published The Hand: Its Mechanism and Vital Endowments as Evincing Design.

British anthropologist from England Sir Francis Galton published his book, “Fingerprints”, establishing the individuality and permanence of fingerprints. The book included the first fingerprints classification system into Archs, Loops & Whorls

Harris Hawthorne Wilder was the first American to study Dermatoglyphics. He invented the Main Line Index, studied thenar hypothenar eminencies, zones II, III, IV.

Dr. Harold Cummins, M.D. well known as the Father of Dermatoglyphics. and Charles. Midlo, M.D. Studied all aspects of fingerprint analysis, from anthropology, genetics and embryology perspective. They published the book “Finger Prints, Palms and Soles” a bible in the field of dermatoglyphics.

Dr. Harold Cummins & Dr. Charles Midlo also researched the embryo-genesis of skin ridge patterns and concluded that the fingerprint patterns actually develop in the womb and are fully formed by the fourth month of the fetus development.

Dr Julius Spier Published the book “The Hands of Children” thereby analyzing children’s psychological personality development with the use of the Dermatoglyphics method.

Canadian brain surgeon and professor, Banfill (Penfeild) published the book “Body of all parts of the brain associated with the cross-section map” which shows the association of fingerprints with the brain lobes.

Sarah Holt Whose own work ‘The Genetics of Dermal Ridges’ published in 1968, summarizes her research in of dermatoglyphics patterns of both the fingers and the palm in various peoples, both normal and congenitally afflicted.

John J. Mulvihill, MD and David W. Smith, MD published “The Genesis of Dermatoglyphics” describing the latest updated version of fingerprint formation.

USSR introduces the ATD method of Dermatoglyphics in the selection of Olympic athletes.

Schaumann and Alter’s published the book “Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders”.

Schaumann and Alter’s published the book “Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders”.

China carry out researching work of human potential, intelligence and talents in dermatoglyphics and human genome perspective.

Dr. Chen Yi Mou Phd of Havard University conducts research on Dermatoglyphics based on the Multiple Intelligence theory of Dr. Howard Gardner. The first application of dermatoglyphics was in educational and brain physiology.